Monthly Archives: April 2009

Sir John on Auto Industry Bargains

“I think there’s a chance – maybe not a probability, but a chance – that KIA Motors will be larger than General Motors 30 years from now.”—John M. Templeton, from a January 2005 Financial Intelligence Report article on bargain buys

In leiu of the news coming from GM, are we on our way to seeing this prediction come true?

General Motors announced plans Monday to cut 23,000 U.S. jobs by 2011, drop its storied Pontiac brand and slash 40% of its dealer network in its latest bid to stay out of bankruptcy.

Templeton and the Auto Industry

It has been a big news week for the American auto companies. With the restructuring of GM and the agreement between Chrysler and Fiat in the news, we have been keeping in mind some of John Templeton’s observations and investment strategies about the American auto industry. One situation that comes to mind is from the 1970s, which Nikki Ross discussed in Lessons from the Legends of Wall Street:

 

 Buying Stocks below Book Value

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, U.S. auto companies faced severe problems. Oil prices were high and the public was buying small Japanese cars while U.S. auto companies were still producing large cars. Unions were demanding and getting higher wages. Due to the high level of pollution from car emissions, Congress passed a bill making it mandatory to have emission controls on cars, adding to the cost of production. Chrysler was in such bad shape the government had to bail the company out. Ford was losing money as well. Templeton decided to buy Ford.

After he bought Ford, the company reported additional losses. Investors continued selling, sending the price down further. Although he had bought the stock well below book value and didn’t think Ford would go under, Templeton sold his shares later at about nine times his purchase price.

Given Templeton’s experience with Ford in the 1970s, is the situation with GM and Chrysler similar today? Are there bargains to be found in their stocks?

John Templeton and Philanthropy

There is no doubt that John Templeton left a lasting legacy in the financial world, as we have and will continue to highlight here. But he also focused a large part of his life on philanthropy.

In a recent post on his blog, author and management expert Ken Blanchard commented on John Templeton’s perspective on philanthropy, particularly tithing:

You know, in these tough economic times, I’ve been thinking about what’s the best financial advice I’ve heard.  I was once talking with the great financial advisor Sir John Templeton. Somebody asked him about the best financial advice he had ever given anybody, and he said, “Tithing.” He said, “I’ve never known anybody who has tithed (given away) at least ten percent of their income to good causes who didn’t have it coming back tenfold. Just reaching out and helping others brings that energy back to you.” And I firmly believe that. Templeton said, “Don’t wait until you have a lot of money. Reach out and help somebody now.”

Blanchard goes on to comment on how, in these economic times, it is wise to think about and act on Templeton’s advice. As we debate whether it’s the moment of maximum pessimism, Templeton’s perspective of philanthropy as a method of financial gain may be helpful to keep in mind.

Maximum Pessimism: Are We There Yet?

In last Friday’s New York Times, columnist Paul Krugman made some interesting points about the momentum of the current economy. Are things headed up? Or do we still have some painful times ahead of us? To followers of Sir John’s investment strategy, identifying whether or not you have reached the point of “maximum pessimism” is of the utmost importance.

President Obama and some officials with the Federal Reserve have been suggesting recently that they are of the former mindset, with Obama stating that he sees “glimmers of hope.” Krugman takes the opposite tack, laying out four points that suggest that while our pessimism may be indeed heightened (or perhaps deepened is the more appropriate word?), the worst may be yet to come:

  • We continue to see indicators like industrial production, housing starts, and foreclosures worsening;
  • Much of the good news that we’ve been seeing has been faulty for one reason or another;
  • Historically, these downward plunges occur in stages, often taking a second big dip just as we start seeing signs that things are just starting to stabilize (i.e. right around now);
  • Even as we start to recover, history suggests that some important metrics, like unemployment, may be slow to improve.

So have we reached a “point of maximum pessimism” yet? This is one of those areas where we most wish we knew exactly what John Templeton might say!

The Stock Market is Not a Casino

John Templeton’s investment strategy emphasized the concept of buy and hold. In an article that appeared in World Monitor in February 1993, Templeton remarked that “the stock market is not a casino”:

Invest – don’t trade or speculate. The stock market is not a casino, but if you move in and out of stocks every time they move a point or two . . . or if you continually sell short . . . or deal only in options . . . or trade in futures . . . the market will be your casino. And, like most gamblers, you may lose eventually – or frequently.

 You may find your profits consumed by comissions. You may find a market you expected to turn down turning up, and up – in defiance of all your careful calculations and short sales. Every time a Wall Street news announcer says, “This just in,” your heart will stop.

 Keep in mind the wise words of Lucien O. Hooper, a Wall Street legend: “What always impresses me,” he wrote, “is how much better the relaxed, long-term owners of stock do with their switching of inventory. The relaxed investor is usually better informed and more understanding of essential values; he is more patient and less emotional; he pays smaller annual capital gains taxes; he does not incur unnecessary brockerage commissions; and he avoids behaving like Cassius by ‘thinking too much.’”

There’s an interesting discussion going on over at one of the Motley Fool’s blogs right now about this very subject. What do you think? Churn and burn or buy and hold?

Gary Moore on John Templeton’s Legendary Long-run Performance

In past posts, I’ve gone out on a limb and suggested Sir John Templeton may have been taking a closer look at some high quality stocks since the market bottomed last October. I was pleased last week to read a report by Gary Motyl—the current Chief Investment Officer of the Templeton funds who was hired by Sir John twenty-five years ago—who seemed to agree with me.  Mr. Motyl compared today’s markets with two previous periods during his time with Templeton. He noted each time that Sir John was early, as he always seemed to be, and suffered short-term under-performance, but was vindicated in the long-run by his legendary out-performance.

 

The first period Mr. Motyl referenced was Japan from 1987 to 1992. He wrote:

Sir John Templeton first began investing in Japan in the 1960s when it was considered an emerging market.  By 1985, Japan had exploded onto the economic landscape . . . Although Japan’s growth rate soared in the mid-1980s, by 1986 we believed valuations in Japan were too high.  Templeton Growth Fund subsequently trailed its benchmark during the height of Japan’s stock market rise from 1987 to 1989. However, over the cumulative six-year period from 1987 to 1992, the fund also outperformed its benchmark by over 33%.

In the late 1990s, the rapid ascent of popular Internet companies fueled massive speculation, record-setting company valuations and rising stock prices. Templeton’s disciplined Bargain List process, which is value driven, prevented us from participating in the technology sector. Similar to its performance in the late 1980s, Templeton Growth Fund lagged its benchmark at the height of the technology boom, from 1997 to 1999. Yet the fund returned 36.84% over the six-year period covering 1997 to 2002 verses 6.33% for its benchmark.

Where we are now identifying value is, ironically, in the formerly high flying technology, telecom and media industries. Templeton’s Bargain List of undervalued securities has recently included large cap companies such as Microsoft, Pfizer, Newscorp, Siemens and General Electric. The interesting aspect about today’s market environment is that some of the least-expensive companies are also of the highest quality.

Mr. Motyl concluded with these words, which I heard over and over from Sir John:

Our experience has taught us that investors who exercise patience and a long-term view during uncertain markets are often the ones who are rewarded over those who chase hot markets or jump in and out with each market quiver.

In Sir John’s beloved religious terminology, patience and a more eternal perspective are indeed virtues.

 

Gary Moore is author of Faithful Finances and founder of Gary Moore and Company.

 

Editors’ Note: “What Would John Templeton Say?” is not a site dedicated to giving investment advice. Rather, it is a resource to share the wisdom of John Marks Templeton and provide historical and current perspectives on economic issues.

The Paradox of Thrift

You might think that a Wall Street legend like Sir John would have lived extravagantly, but he actually committed himself to a lifelong practice of thrift. Early in his career, he established thrifty habits that he carried on even as his fortune grew.

Some examples:

  • He scoured newspapers looking for furniture auctions and estate sales where he knew he’d find the best deals. For example, he was rather proud of having paid $5 for sofa bed worth almost $200.
  • He often challenged his network of friends to find the best ”blue plate specials” around the city.
  • He purchased a home for $5,000 in cash (which he sold five years later for $17,000).

Thrifty living was one of the cornerstones of his success, and he preached its merit in both bull and bear markets. There has always been some debate though about whether thrift really is the best practice to encourage during economic downturns. With our present crisis, for example, some say that a revival of restrained consumerism is the only way to fix an ailing economy. Othersfollowing a tradition of economic thought dating back to John Maynard Keynessay that while thrifty practices, like saving more and cutting back on expenses, may benefit the individual in the short term, these same practices will sink the economy, as a whole, deeper and deeper into trouble.

keynes

John Maynard Keynes

This coming Tuesday, April 14, 2009, Templeton Press, along with The King’s College and The Institute for American Values, will host a panel discussion on this “paradox of thrift” featuring opinion leaders such as David Blankenhorn, Justin Fox, and Robert Frank. The event will be held at The King’s College’s Empire State Building location and will begin at 5:30. Additional information about the event may be obtained by contacting Sharon Kelly: 484.531.8380, or
e-mail: publicity@templetonpress.org. Please e-mail advancement@tkc.edu if you plan to attend.

John Templeton’s 2003 Prediction and Today’s Housing Market

In an April 6, 2009, Wall Street Journal op ed titled “From Bubble to Depression,” Stephen Gjerstad and Vernon Smith argue that both The Great Depression and today’s recession were caused by enormous consumer debt, and most particularly mortgage debt. To quote:

. . . the financial system has suffered a blow unlike anything since the Great Depression, and the source is the weak financial position of the people holding declining assets.

It appears that both the Great Depression and the current crisis had their origins in excessive consumer debt—especially mortgage debt—that was transmitted into the financial sector during a sharp downturn.

This op ed brings to mind, yet again, the prescience of Sir John Templeton who in 2003 expressed uncharacteristic pessimism about the economy because of his concerns about the housing sector. In the interview with Robert Flaherty in Equities magazine cited below, Sir John states that 

 

Every previous major bear market has been accompanied by a bear market in home prices. . . . This time, home prices have gone up 20%, and this represents a very dangerous situation. When home prices do start down, they will fall remarkably far. In Japan, home prices are down to less than half what they were at the stock market peak.

Sir John adds,

A home price decline of as little as 20% would put a lot of people in bankruptcy.

Sir John then connects the mortgage bubble with the consumer debt crisis and the ramifications for the economy and the stock market. What Gjerstad and Smith observed in 2009, John Templeton predicted six years earlier.  

John Templeton and the Housing Market

Yesterday, we were again reminded of John Templeton’s 2003 prediction about the then-looming economic crisis after reading this blog post. In 2003, when being interviewed by Robert J. Flaherty for Equities magazine, Templeton observed that the stock market is broken and remarked on debt accumulation and the inevitable housing decline:

Sir John also had a few words about debt — a four-letter word that folks seem not to care about: “Emphasize in your magazine how big the debt is. . . . The total debt of America is now $31 trillion. That is three times the GNP of the U.S. That is unprecedented in a major nation. No nation has ever had such a big debt as America has, and it’s bigger than it was at the peak of the stock market boom. Think of the dangers involved. Almost everyone has a home mortgage, and some are 89% of the value of the home (and yes, some are more). If home prices start down, there will be bankruptcies, and in bankruptcy, houses are sold at lower prices, pushing home prices down further.” On that note, he has a word of advice: “After home prices go down to one-tenth of the highest price homeowners paid, then buy.”

In his “Contrarian Chronicles” column, Bill Fleckenstein remarked on the interview in a July 14, 2003, article.

What do you think about this prediction from Templeton? Is it time to take his advice and jump into the housing market?